The Taliban's return to power following the withdrawal of the United States from Afghanistan has triggered major shifts in the regional order, redefining China's position as an emerging actor in regional politics. This study addresses the question of how the People's Republic of China seeks to secure its security and geopolitical interests in Taliban-ruled Afghanistan through economic mechanisms. Understanding China's new strategies in Central Asia, its domestic security concerns (particularly in Xinjiang), and cross-border initiatives such as the Belt and Road Initiative highlights the significance of this research. The main objective is to analyze the opportunities and challenges posed by this approach for China's foreign policy. The research question is: how does China aim to enhance its power and secure its security interests in Afghanistan under Taliban rule by leveraging economic mechanisms and strengthening its geopolitical influence? The primary hypothesis posits that China's policies in Afghanistan have facilitated the expansion of relations with the Taliban by employing economic and security tools as instruments of power projection, leading to increased geopolitical influence and access to Afghanistan's strategic resources. Adopting offensive realism as its theoretical framework, this study employs a qualitative, descriptive-analytical method based on library research and credible reports. The findings suggest that China seeks to encourage the Taliban toward more responsible behavior without direct military intervention, primarily relying on economic and diplomatic tools. However, political instability in Afghanistan, geopolitical rivalries with other regional powers, and the Taliban’s international legitimacy crisis pose significant challenges to China's strategic objectives.